关键词: 结核, 肺/预防和控制, 移民(移出和移入), 觉知, 问卷调查

Abstract: Objective To investigate the public awareness on TB control and prevention in the Beijing departure population, so as to develop basis for education of TB control and prevention in these populations.  Methods Using 5 core information from questionnaire of awareness rate survey of The Fifth National Epidemiological Sampling Survey and 6 self-designed questions targeting quarantine requirements for outgoing personnel, based on cluster sampling, one-on-one inquiry was performed on the 5290 exiting travelers examined in our department from 1st January to 31st December, 2013. All the 5290 inquiries are returned and valid, validation rate 100.00%. The 5 key concepts are analyzed using Z test and rank-sum test of binomial distribution, and the 6 self-designed questions using F test and t test. P<0.05 is considered as statistically significant.  Results  (1)Total awareness rate for the 5 core information is 63.14%（16 700/26 450）, which was correlated with gender, urban/rural residence, education level and occupation, males（65.41%, 7950/12 155） had a higher awareness than females（61.21%, 8750/14 295）（Z=－6.428，P<0.05）, the awareness in the age group from 15 to 29 years old（61.33%, 5336/8700） was lower than that in 30 to 44 group (64.01%, 5518/8620), 45 to 59 group (64.01%, 4468/6980) and above 60 group (64.09%, 1378/2150)（Z=14.503，P<0.05）. In terms of the awareness rate by education level, graduates and postgraduates had the higher awareness (64.72%, 9465/14 625) than primary-school group (59.09%, 650/1100) and middle-school group (61.24%, 6568/10 725)(Z=25.718，P<0.05). Urban residents (63.72%, 14 475/22 715) had a higher awareness than rural ones (59.57%, 2225/3735)（Z=－4.01,P<0.05）. And medical personnel had higher awareness（75.22%, 346/460）than that in technicians (67.80%, 4644/6850), clerical workers (60.31%, 7678/12 730), oversea students (62.73%, 2942/4690) and business personnel (63.37%, 1090/1720)(Z=114.227，P<0.05). (2)Among the 6 self-designed questions the awareness（65.52%,3466/5290） of ‘TB patients develop severe during migration and have the risk of spread the disease’ was the highest, whereas the awareness（38.90%, 2058/5290） of the question ‘suspect TB patient need a sputum test’ was the lowest. The respondents’ age and occupation are the influence factors on the awareness of TB control and prevention (F=7.703, F=8.047, P<0.05). (3)The respondents’ main media sources of their TB knowledge were mainly medical staff face to face briefings 56.90%（3010/5290）, television 44.05%（2330/5290） and newspapers 43.78%（2316/5290）. Conclusion The awareness of tuberculosis core information and tuberculosis knowledge specific to quarantine requirements for Beijing port departure population needs to be improved, we should further strengthen publicity on relevant knowledge in this population. Face to face explain by medical personnel is the best publicity way.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary/prevention &, control, Emigration and immigration, Awareness, Questionnaires